1、含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构,变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般是主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语,这样句子显得自然一些。
I was shown his pictures by him.
2、含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句的方法。
(1)将宾语变为主语,宾语补足语保留不动。
They call her little Li.She is called little Li.
(2) make,let,hear,watch,see,feel,have,notice,help等动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一般不带to,可是当变为被动语态时,后面的不定式必须带to。
My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.
(3) 含有情态动词的被动语态,是由“情态动词 + be +(及物动词的)过去分词”构成。如:
They can not find him.
(4) 短语动词的被动语态
一般说来,只有及物动词才有被动语态,因为只有及物动词才可能有动作的承受者。但有许多由不及物动词加介词及其他词类构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,可以有宾语。
因而也可以有被动语态。但应注意,短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
They had put out the fire before the fire brigade arrived.